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中山大学翻译硕士MTI真题及答案(3)
I. Phrase Translation
1.小康社会: a moderately prosperous society
2.解放和发展生产力: release and develop productive forces
3.宏观经济：Macro Economy
4.软着陆：soft landing
5.产品外包：product outsourcing
6.技术转让：technology transfer
7.数字鸿沟：digital divide
8.群众体育：mass sports
9.循环经济：circular economy ; recycling economy
10.进口配额：import quota
11.外汇储备： foreign exchange reserve
12.求同存异：seek common ground while reserving differences
13.产权结构：Property Rights Structure;structure of property right
4.联合国环境署：United Nations Environment Programme ( UNEP )
15.泡沫经济：bubble economy
16. Hedge Fund：对冲基金(又称避险基金或套利基金)
17. Muslim Brotherhood：穆斯林兄弟会
18. Trade Surplus：贸易顺差
19. Prudent Monetary Policy：稳健的货币政策
20. Mortality Rate：死亡率
21. Currency Appreciation：货币升值
22. Social Strata：社会阶层
23. Anti-corruption Campaign：反腐败运动;反腐工作
24. Counter-terrorism Convention：反恐公约
25. Concerted Efforts: 共同努力
26. Nuclear Arsenal: 核武库;核军火库
27. Endemic Disease: 地方病
28. UNESCO: 联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
29. Corporate Governance: 公司治理;企业管治
30. Capital Market: 资本市场
II. Passage translation
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [ 60MIN ]
当今世界正处于大发展、大变革、大调整时期。世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展，国与国 相互依存，利益交融己达到前所未有的程度。求合作、谋发展、促合作成为不可阻挡的时代潮流。 但世界局部冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，南北差距拉大，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，世界的和平与发展仍面临诸多问题。面对这些挑战，没有任何国家能独立应对，唯有携手合作才是正确选择。中美作为联合国安理会常任理事国，分别作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，无论是在推动世界经济可持续增长方面，还是在维护世界和平与安全方面，都面临着共同课题，肩负着重要责任。
参考译文:
We live in a world that is undergoing major transformation and adjustment. The world is moving toward multi-polarity and economic globalization is gaining momentum. Countries are more interdependent with their interests closely interwoven than at any time in history. The pursuit of peace, development and cooperation has become an irresistible trend of the times. However, the road to peace and development is still fraught with difficulties, as evidenced by unceasing local conflicts and hotspot issues, widening gap between the North and the South and simultaneous presence of traditional and non-traditional security threats. No country can meet these challenges alone and our only choice is to confront them through cooperation.
As permanent members of the UN Security Council and the largest developing country and the largest developed country, China and the United States face common tasks and shoulder important responsibilities ranging from promoting full recovery and sustainable growth of the world economy to managing regional hot-spots, meeting global challenges and safeguarding world peace and security.
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [ 60 MIN ]
To avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind is prone, no superhuman genius is required. A few simple rules will keep you, not from all error, but from silly error.
If the matter is one that can be settled by observation, make the observation yourself. Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have fewer teeth than men, by the simple device of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted. He did not do so because he thought he knew. Thinking that you know when in fact you don’t is a fatal mistake, to which we are all prone.
Many matters, however, are less easily brought to the test of experience. If, like most of mankind, you have passionate convictions on many such matters, there are ways in which you can make yourself aware of your own bias. If an opinion contrary to your own makes you angry, that is a sign that you are subconsciously aware of having no good reason for thinking as you do. If someone maintains that two and two are five, or that Iceland is on the equator, you feel pity rather than anger, unless you know so little of arithmetic or geography that his opinion shakes your own contrary conviction. The most savage controversies are those about matters as to which there is no good evidence either way. Persecution is used in theology, not in arithmetic, because in arithmetic there is knowledge, but in theology there is only opinion. So whenever you find yourself getting angry about a difference of opinion, be on your guard; you will probably find, on examination, that your belief is going beyond what the evidence warrants.
参考译文:
持有各种各样愚蠢的见解乃是人类的通病。要想避免这种通病,并不需要超人的天才,下面 提供的几项简单原则,虽然不能保证你不犯任何错误,却可以保证你避免一些可笑的错误。
如果一个问题但凭观察就可以解决的话,就请你亲自观察一番.亚里士多德误以为妇女牙齿的数目比男人少。这种错误,他本来是可以避免的,而且办法很简单。他只消请他的夫人把嘴张开亲自数一下就行了,但他却没有这样做,原因是他自以为是,自以为知道而实际上自己并不知道,这是我们人人都容易犯的一种致命错误.我自己就以为刺猬好吃黑甲虫,理由无非是我听人这么讲过,但是如果我真的动手写一部介绍刺猬习性的著作,我就不应该妄下断语, 除非我亲自看见一只刺猬享用这种倒胃口的食物,然而亚里士多德却不够谨慎。古代和中古代的著作家谈起独角兽和火怪来头头是道,但是他们当中谁也没有觉得,既然自己从未见过 任何麒麟和火蛇,那就必须避免武断的论述。
不过也有许多事情不那么容易用经验加以检验。如果你象大多数人一样在许多这类事情上有强烈的自信,也有很多方法可以让你自己意识到自己的想法是有所偏颇的。如果你一听到 一种与你相左的意见就发怒,这就表明,你已经下意识地感觉到你那种看法没有充分理由,如 果某个人硬要说二加二等于五,或者说冰岛位于赤道,你就只会感到怜悯而不是愤怒,除非你自己对数学和地理也是这样无知,因而他的看法竟然动摇了你的相反的见解.最激烈的争论是关于双方都提不出充分证据的那些问题的争论。迫害见于神学领域而不见于数学领域,因为数学问题是知识问题,而神学问题则仅是见解问题。所以不论什么时候,因要发现自己对不 同的意见发起火来,你得当心,因为经过检查,你可能会发现,你的想法是没有充分证据的。
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